Module javafx.graphics

Package javafx.scene

package javafx.scene

Provides the core set of base classes for the JavaFX Scene Graph API. A scene graph is a tree-like data structure, where each item in the tree has zero or one parent and zero or more children.

The two primary classes in this package are:

• Scene – Defines the scene to be rendered. It contains a fill variable that specifies the background of the scene, width and height variables that specify the size of the scene, and a content sequence that contains a list of "root" Nodes to be rendered onto the scene. This sequence of Nodes is the scene graph for this Scene. A Scene is rendered onto a Stage, which is the top-level container for JavaFX content.
• Node – Abstract base class for all nodes in the scene graph. Each node is either a "leaf" node with no child nodes or a "branch" node with zero or more child nodes. Each node in the tree has zero or one parent. Only a single node within each tree in the scene graph will have no parent, which is often referred to as the "root" node. There may be several trees in the scene graph. Some trees may be part of a Scene, in which case they are eligible to be displayed. Other trees might not be part of any Scene.

Branch nodes are of type Parent or subclasses thereof.

Leaf nodes are classes such as Rectangle, Text, ImageView, MediaView, or other such leaf classes which cannot have children.

A node may occur at most once anywhere in the scene graph. Specifically, a node must appear no more than once in the children list of a Parent or as the clip of a Node. See the Node class for more details on these restrictions.

Example

An example JavaFX scene graph is as follows:

package example;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;

public class Example extends Application {

    @Override public void start(Stage stage) {
        
        Group root = new Group();
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 200, 150);
        scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGRAY);

        Circle circle = new Circle(60, 40, 30, Color.GREEN);
        
        Text text = new Text(10, 90, "JavaFX Scene");
        text.setFill(Color.DARKRED);
        
        Font font = new Font(20);
        text.setFont(font);
        
        root.getChildren().add(circle);
        root.getChildren().add(text);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Application.launch(args);
    }
}

The above example will generate the following image:

Coordinate System and Transformations

The Node class defines a traditional computer graphics "local" coordinate system in which the x axis increases to the right and the y axis increases downwards. The concrete node classes for shapes provide variables for defining the geometry and location of the shape within this local coordinate space. For example, Rectangle provides x, y, width, height variables while Circle provides centerX, centerY, and radius.

Any Node can have transformations applied to it. These include translation, rotation, scaling, or shearing transformations. A transformation will change the position, orientation, or size of the coordinate system as viewed from the parent of the node that has been transformed.

See the Node class for more information on transformations.

Bounding Rectangle

Since every Node has transformations, every Node's geometric bounding rectangle can be described differently depending on whether transformations are accounted for or not.

Each Node has the following properties which specifies these bounding rectangles:

• boundsInLocal – specifies the bounds of the Node in untransformed local coordinates.
• boundsInParent – specifies the bounds of the Node after all transformations have been applied. It is called "boundsInParent" because the rectangle will be relative to the parent's coordinate system.
• layoutBounds – specifies the rectangular bounds of the Node that should be used as the basis for layout calculations, and may differ from the visual bounds of the node. For shapes, Text, and ImageView, the default layoutBounds includes only the shape geometry.

See the Node class for more information on bounding rectangles.

CSS

The JavaFX Scene Graph provides the facility to style nodes using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). The Node class contains id, styleClass, and style variables are used by CSS selectors to find nodes to which styles should be applied. The Scene class contains the stylesheets variable which is a sequence of URLs that reference CSS style sheets that are to be applied to the nodes within that scene.

For further information about CSS, how to apply CSS styles to nodes, and what properties are available for styling, see the CSS Reference Guide.

Related Packages

Module	Package	Description
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.canvas	Provides the set of classes for canvas, an immediate mode style of rendering API.
javafx.controls	javafx.scene.chart	The JavaFX User Interface provides a set of chart components that are a very convenient way for data visualization.
javafx.controls	javafx.scene.control	The JavaFX User Interface Controls (UI Controls or just Controls) are specialized Nodes in the JavaFX Scenegraph especially suited for reuse in many different application contexts.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.effect	Provides the set of classes for attaching graphical filter effects to JavaFX Scene Graph Nodes.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.image	Provides the set of classes for loading and displaying images.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.input	Provides the set of classes for mouse and keyboard input event handling.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.layout	Provides classes to support user interface layout.
javafx.media	javafx.scene.media	Provides the set of classes for integrating audio and video into Java FX Applications.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.paint	Provides the set of classes for colors and gradients used to fill shapes and backgrounds when rendering the scene graph.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.robot	Provides API for simulating user interaction such as typing keys on the keyboard and using the mouse.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.shape	Provides the set of 2D classes for defining and performing operations on objects related to two-dimensional geometry.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.text	Provides the set of classes for fonts and renderable Text Node.
javafx.graphics	javafx.scene.transform	Provides the set of convenient classes to perform rotating, scaling, shearing, and translation transformations for Affine objects.
javafx.web	javafx.scene.web	This package provides means for loading and displaying Web content.

Class	Description
AccessibleAction	This enum describes the actions that an assistive technology such as a screen reader can request from the scene graph.
AccessibleAttribute	This enum describes the attributes that an assistive technology such as a screen reader can request from the scene graph.
AccessibleRole	This enum describes the accessible role for a Node.
AmbientLight	A light that illuminates an object from all directions equally regardless of its position and orientation.
CacheHint	Cache hints for use with Node.cacheHint
Camera	Base class for a camera used to render a scene.
Cursor	A class to encapsulate the bitmap representation of the mouse cursor.
DepthTest	This enum defines the possible states for the depthTest flag in node.
DirectionalLight	A light that illuminates an object from a specific direction.
Group	A Group node contains an ObservableList of children that are rendered in order whenever this node is rendered.
ImageCursor	A custom image representation of the mouse cursor.
LightBase	The LightBase class is the base class for all objects that represent a form of light source.
Node	Base class for scene graph nodes.
ParallelCamera	Specifies a parallel camera for rendering a scene without perspective correction.
Parent	The base class for all nodes that have children in the scene graph.
PerspectiveCamera	Specifies a perspective camera for rendering a scene.
PointLight	A light source that radiates light equally in all directions away from itself.
Scene	The JavaFX Scene class is the container for all content in a scene graph.
SceneAntialiasing	The JavaFX SceneAntialiasing class specifies the level of anti-aliasing desired.
SnapshotParameters	Parameters used to specify the rendering attributes for Node snapshot.
SnapshotResult	This class holds the result of a snapshot operation.
SpotLight	A light source that radiates light in a cone in a specific direction away from itself.
SubScene	The SubScene class is the container for content in a scene graph.